Elastic sheet used for turbine follow-up suspended steam seal belt and steam seal structure thereof

ABSTRACT

The present invention discloses an elastic sheet used for a turbine follow-up suspended steam seal belt and a steam seal structure thereof, which comprises a plurality of elastic L-shaped metal sheets correspondingly overlapped on the same rim, one rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is a toothed rim, the toothed notches of the toothed rim extend laterally through the entire toothed rim so that the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet can be bent longitudinally toward the toothed rim to form an arc shape; the toothed notches and the toothed tabs of the toothed rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are misoriented with each other to cover the toothed notches, and the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is fixed within the arc-shaped steam seal ring block along the steam seal ring teeth, the steam seal ring teeth extend out from the top of the toothed rim to seal the gap between the seal ring teeth and the turbine main shaft, and the toothed rims of the L-shaped metal sheet perform elastic beating reciprocately down after being subjected to the force at the top; the invention has the advantages of simple structure and the sealing of the main shaft side is well achieved; and the main shaft of the turbine can be completely achieved by utilizing the elastic characteristics of the seal elastic sheet of the invention.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the field of steam turbines and gas turbines, and in particular relates to elastic sheet used for turbine follow-up suspended steam seal belt and steam seal structure thereof.

BACKGROUND ART

Turbine is an engine generating power by impacting the impeller with fluid to rotate. It can be divided into steam turbines, gas turbines and water turbines, and it is widely used as a power machine for power generation, aviation, navigation and the like. Steam seal is a steam seal component for steam turbines and gas turbines, and the purpose is to seal steam of the steam turbine to improve steam utilization. Main shaft steam seal components of the steam turbines and gas turbines are in the radial position of the main shaft, in order to prevent the seal member from dynamic and static touch with the main shaft, the sealing member and the main shaft must be designed with a gap, and there will be a problem of increased steam leakage if the gap is too large, and efficiency of the steam turbines and gas turbines is reduced. Dynamic and static friction will easily be caused if the gap is too small, resulting in accidents. Steam seals are introduced for meeting both requirements.

At present, the traditional seal methods in the art are labyrinth seals, honeycomb seals, brush-shaped flexible tooth steam seals and the like. The labyrinth seals are carried out through multi-stage throttling expansion to consume steam flow energy to have a damping effect, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the leakage of steam along the axial gap. Due to the annular chamber between the teeth, the annular flow greatly reduces the effect of the vortex deceleration. The steam blocking effect is poor and the amount of leakage is large so that the desired sealing effect cannot be achieved. At the same time, when there is an uneven gap during steam seal (which is hard to avoid in practical work), due to the larger amount of leakage, the energy of excitation is also large. The excitation of steam flow generated by the high-pressure rotor of turbine is hard to be solved once occurred, which endangers safe operation of the unit. With the above sealing method, there is no withdraw in the static and dynamic touch or the withdraw mechanism is extensive, which is more likely to cause increased turbine vibration, threating the unit safety; the sealing effect will be affected when the brush filaments of the brush-shaped flexible tooth are easily subject to falling over and fracture in cylindrical multi-filament arrangement against high-pressure and high-speed airflow flush.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In the existing steam seal technology, the resistance of the airflow is increased by the structural shape, so as to prevent the leakage of the high-pressure steam. However, no matter what the effect of the structure is, the effect of such structure is not always satisfactory. If there is such a steam seal having elastic function, the air gap can almost be completely sealed, but will not exert effect on the main shafts of the steam turbines and gas turbines, which will be the best solution. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an elastic sheet used for a turbine follow-up suspended steam seal belt and a steam seal structure thereof, and is directed to an elastic sheet used for a turbine follow-up suspended steam seal belt of a steam turbine and a gas turbine and a steam seal structure thereof. The steam seal effect of the turbine shaft can be greatly improved by providing a plurality of elastic static and dynamic steam seal belts towards the steam turbine and gas turbine shafts.

In order to achieve the aims, the technical solution is as follows: An elastic sheet used for a turbine follow-up suspended steam seal belt, which is an elongated metal sheet, the metal sheet is longitudinally bent in an elongated shape to form an elongated L-shape, one rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is a toothed rim alternately formed from a plurality of toothed notches and toothed tabs, the toothed notches extend laterally through the entire toothed rim so that the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet can be bent longitudinally toward the toothed rim to form an arc shape; The toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim, so that the toothed tabs of the toothed rim suspend in the turbine steam seal gap due to the opening of the other rim and can perform elastic beating reciprocately up and down.

The scheme is further as follows: the L-shaped metal sheet is a 90-degree right-angled L-shaped metal sheet, the toothed notches are lateral to a direction perpendicular to the other rim of the metal sheet, and the widths of the toothed notches are smaller than the widths of the toothed tabs.

The scheme is further as follows: the length that the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet is equal to or greater than half the width of the other rim of the metal sheet.

The scheme is further as follows: the widths of the toothed tabs are from 2 mm to 5 mm.

The scheme is further as follows: the toothed notches of the toothed sheets are trapezoidal toothed notches which are wide up and narrow down, the trapezoidal toothed notches are set with trapezoidal angles so that the toothed notches of the toothed sheet change from trapezoidal into straight toothed notches after they bend into arc shapes on the other rim of the metal sheet; the opening on the other rim of the sheet metal is the forwardly extending opening of a narrow end of the trapezoidal notches.

A turbine follow-up suspended steam seal structure, comprising a steam seal circular ring arranged around a turbine main shaft, the steam seal circular ring is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped steam seal circular ring blocks abutting each other, the inner diameters of the arc-shaped steam seal ring block are axially provided with steam seal ring teeth corresponding to the main shaft of the turbine along the main shaft, wherein the follow-up steam seal structure comprises a plurality of elongated metal sheets, the metal sheet is longitudinally bent in an elongated shape to form an elongated L-shape, one rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is a toothed rim alternately formed from a plurality of toothed notches and toothed tabs, the toothed notches extend laterally through the entire toothed rim so that the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet can be bent longitudinally toward the toothed rim to form an arc shape; the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim, so that the toothed tabs of the toothed rim suspend in the turbine steam seal gap due to the opening of the other rim and can perform elastic beating reciprocately up and down; the same rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are correspondingly overlapped with each other, the toothed notches and the toothed tabs of the toothed rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are misoriented with each other to cover the toothed notches, the other rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets are fixed along the steam seal ring teeth in the arc-shaped steam seal ring blocks, wherein a suspended springing space is provided in the arc-shaped steam seal ring block for at least a portion of the length containing an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet, the suspended springing space allows the toothed rims of the metal sheet to perform elastic beating reciprocately down after being subjected to the force at the top; the toothed rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheet are provided in a form-fitting manner to the seal ring teeth at the back of the steam facing side of the steam seal ring teeth, the top of the toothed rim protrudes out of the steam seal ring tooth for sealing the gap between the seal ring teeth and the main shaft of the turbine.

The scheme is further as follows: the L-shaped metal sheets are of at least two sheets, the widths of the toothed notches of the toothed rims of the two L-shaped metal sheets are smaller than the widths of the toothed tabs, the length of the toothed notch of the toothed rim continuing to extend forward an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet is equal to or greater than half of the width of the other rim of the metal sheet.

The scheme is further as follows: the L-shaped metal sheet is a steel or alloy copper or aluminum alloy elastic sheet having a hardness smaller than the hardness of a main shaft of the turbine, and thickness of the metal sheet is from 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

The scheme is further as follows: the teeth protecting toothed tabs are provided at the steam posterior side of the toothed rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets, and the teeth protecting toothed tabs are used to enhance the flexural strength of the toothed sheets of the steam seal belts.

The scheme is further as follows: the arc-shaped steam seal ring block is provided with a dovetail groove along the steam seal ring teeth, a steam seal frame matched with the dovetail groove is installed therein, the steam seal frame is provided with a socket for fixing the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet, recesses are provided outside of the socket, and are used for the space allowing the toothed rims of the L-shaped metal sheet to perform elastic beating reciprocately down after being subjected to the force at the top.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simple structure and the sealing between the main shaft side and the static and dynamic vane stage of the turbine is well achieved; and the main shaft of the turbine can be completely achieved by utilizing the elastic characteristics of the sealing sheet of the invention.

The present invention will be described below in details with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the elastic sheet structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the turbine main shaft end seal;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arc-shaped steam seal ring block;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the suspended follow-up steam seal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic view of the two overlapped elastic sheets of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting slot of the arc-shaped steam seal ring block elastic sheet of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the dovetail groove of the arc-shaped steam seal ring block of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the elastic sheet having a dovetail groove of the arc-shaped steam seal ring block of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Embodiment 1

An elastic sheet used for a turbine-driven suspended steam seal belt is an elongated metal sheet. As shown in FIG. 1, the metal sheet 1 is longitudinally bent in an elongated shape to form an elongated L-shape, the bending angle may be 80 degrees to 100 degrees, and the L-shaped metal sheet is from 0.2 mm to 1 mm in thickness, most preferably from 0.2 mm or 0.5 mm; it is an elastic metal sheet of stainless steel, alloy copper, alloy aluminum and the like, one rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is a toothed rim 101 alternately formed from a plurality of toothed notches 101-1 and toothed tabs 101-2, the toothed notches extend laterally through the entire toothed rim so that the other rim 102 of the L-shaped metal sheet can be bent longitudinally toward the toothed rim to form an arc shape under the force 2; the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening 102-1 on the other rim, so that the toothed tabs of the toothed rim suspend in the turbine steam seal gap due to the opening of the other rim and can perform elastic beating reciprocately up and down after being subjected to the vertical pressure at the top.

In the embodiment, as a preferable solution, the L-shaped metal sheet is a 90-degree right-angled L-shaped metal sheet, the toothed notches are lateral to a direction perpendicular to the other rim of the metal sheet, and the widths of the toothed notches are smaller than the widths of the toothed tabs. The widths of the toothed tabs are at least twice of the widths of the toothed notches. As a preferable solution, the widths of the toothed tabs are from 2 mm to 5 mm.

In order to make the toothed rim have good elasticity up and down, as a further preferable solution, the length that the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet is equal to or greater than half the width of the other rim of the metal sheet.

In the embodiment, the toothed notches of the toothed sheets are trapezoidal toothed notches which are wide up and narrow down, the trapezoidal toothed notches are set with trapezoidal angles so that the toothed notches of the toothed sheet change from trapezoidal into straight toothed notches after they bend into arc shapes on the other rim of the metal sheet; the opening on the other rim of the sheet metal is the forwardly extending opening of a narrow end of the trapezoidal notches.

Embodiment 2

A turbine follow-up suspended steam seal structure, comprising a steam seal circular ring arranged around a turbine main shaft 3, as shown in FIG. 2, the steam seal circular ring is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped steam seal circular ring blocks 4 abutting each other, usually 6 arc-shaped steam seal ring blocks, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the inner diameters of the arc-shaped steam seal ring block are axially provided with steam seal ring teeth 401 corresponding to the main shaft of the turbine along the main shaft, wherein the follow-up steam seal structure comprises a plurality of elongated metal sheets as described in embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the metal sheet is longitudinally bent in an elongated shape to form an elongated L-shape, one rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is a toothed rim alternately formed from a plurality of toothed notches and toothed tabs, the toothed notches extend laterally through the entire toothed rim so that the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet can be bent longitudinally toward the toothed rim to form an arc shape; the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim, so that the toothed tabs of the toothed rim suspend in the turbine steam seal gap due to the opening of the other rim and can perform elastic beating reciprocately up and down after being subjected to the vertical pressure at the top; the same rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are correspondingly overlapped with each other, the toothed notches and the toothed tabs of the toothed rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are misoriented with each other to cover the toothed notches, the other rims 102 of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets are fixed along the steam seal ring teeth in the arc-shaped steam seal ring blocks, wherein a suspended springing space 402 used for the toothed rims is provided in the arc-shaped steam seal ring block for at least a portion of the length (for example, from the center of the width of the other rim to the toothed rim) containing an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet, the suspended springing space allows the toothed rims of the metal sheet to perform elastic beating reciprocately down after being subjected to the force at the top; the toothed rims 101 of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheet are provided in a form-fitting manner to the seal ring teeth at the back of the steam facing side A of the steam seal ring teeth, the top of the toothed rim protrudes out of the steam seal ring tooth for sealing the gap between the seal ring teeth and the main shaft of the turbine. Generally, the gap between the steam seal ring teeth and the turbine main shaft is between 0.25 mm and 0.8 mm; therefore, the distance that the steam seal ring teeth extending out from the top of the toothed rim is usually equal to or 0.10 mm to 0.15 mm greater than the gap.

In the embodiment, the L-shaped metal sheet may be of three or four sheets according to the thickness and actual conditions of use. However, one preferred embodiment is two sheets, as shown in FIG. 5, the toothed notches and the toothed tabs of the toothed rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are misoriented with each other to cover the toothed notches, therefore, toothed notches of the toothed rims of the two L-shaped metal sheets have widths smaller than the widths of the toothed tabs; the length that the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet is equal to or greater than half the width of the other rim of the metal sheet.

In the embodiment, since the structure of the elastic sheet used for the steam seal belt is different from the traditional steam seal structure, the air gap can be completely sealed so that the top of the elastic sheet will contact with the main shaft. Because of the elasticity of the toothed sheet, even if the main shaft beats, sealing will not be affected, for the purpose that the elastic sheet will not scratch the main shaft. Therefore, the L-shaped metal sheet is a steel or alloy copper or aluminum alloy elastic sheet having a hardness smaller than the hardness of the main shaft of the turbine, and the thickness of the metal sheet is usually selected to be from 0.2 mm to 1 mm, most preferably from 0.2 mm or 0.5 mm.

As a preferable solution, the L-shaped metal sheet is a 90 degree right-angled L-shaped metal sheet, the toothed notches are lateral to a direction perpendicular to the other rim of the metal sheet, and the widths of the toothed tabs are at least twice of the widths of the toothed notches. As a more preferable solution, the widths of the toothed tabs are from 2 mm to 5 mm.

In the embodiment, as the steam pressure in the turbine is very high, and the elastic sheet should not be too thick in consideration of elasticity. Therefore, a thinner elastic sheet is usually selected. In order to enhance the bending resistance of the elastic sheet, the teeth protecting toothed tabs 5 are provided at the steam posterior side of the toothed rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets, and the teeth protecting toothed tabs are used to enhance the flexural strength of the toothed sheets of the steam seal belts, and the materials having a rigidity better than that of the elastic sheet can be selected.

In the embodiment, since the elastic sheet is an L-shaped arc-shaped metal sheet, there are various methods for installation. As shown in FIG. 6, firstly, a notch 404 is provided along the steam posterior surface of the steam seal ring tooth in the arc-shaped steam seal ring block, which is as shown in FIG. 6 as a rectangular slot, a socket 404-1 inserted into the other rim of the right-angled L-shaped metal sheet is provided in the middle of one rim of the rectangular slot; then the other rim of the folded right-angled L-shaped metal sheet and the and the teeth protecting toothed tabs are inserted according to FIG. 4; however, it is extremely difficult to install and adjust the L-shaped metal sheet directly on the arc-shaped steam seal ring block. Separation method structure can be used for installation, in order to facilitate the installation and adjustment, therefore, a preferable solution of this embodiment is as shown in FIG. 7, the arc-shaped steam seal ring block is provided with a dovetail groove 403 along the steam posterior surface of the steam seal ring teeth, as shown in FIG. 8, a steam seal frame 6 matched with the dovetail groove is installed therein, the steam seal frame is provided with a socket for fixing the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet, recesses are provided outside of the socket, and are used for the space allowing the toothed rims of the L-shaped metal sheet to perform elastic beating reciprocately down after being subjected to the force at the top. In actual operation, firstly, the elastic sheet and the steam seal frame are assembled, in the assembly process, the fixed firmness of the other rim of the metal sheet is adjusted through the tightening plug 7 disposed below the triangular arc-shaped metal sheet. Then the assembled elastic sheet and the steam seal frame are inserted into the dovetail groove of the arc-shaped steam seal block. 

1. An elastic sheet used for a turbine follow-up suspended steam seal belt, which is an elongated metal sheet, characterized in that the metal sheet is longitudinally bent in an elongated shape to form an elongated L-shape, one rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is a toothed rim alternately formed from a plurality of toothed notches and toothed tabs, the toothed notches extend laterally through the entire toothed rim so that the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet can be bent longitudinally toward the toothed rim to form an arc shape; The toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim, so that the toothed tabs of the toothed rim suspend in the turbine steam seal gap due to the opening of the other rim and can perform elastic beating reciprocately up and down.
 2. The elastic sheet used for a steam seal belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the L-shaped metal sheet is a 90-degree right-angled L-shaped metal sheet, the toothed notches are lateral to a direction perpendicular to the other rim of the metal sheet.
 3. The elastic sheet used for a steam seal belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the widths of the toothed notches are smaller than the widths of the toothed tabs.
 4. The elastic sheet used for a steam seal belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the length that the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet is equal to or greater than half the width of the other rim of the metal sheet.
 5. The elastic sheet used for a steam seal belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the widths of the toothed tabs are from 2 mm to 5 mm.
 6. The elastic sheet used for a steam seal belt according to claim 1, characterized in that the toothed notches of the toothed sheets are trapezoidal toothed notches which are wide up and narrow down, the trapezoidal toothed notches are set with trapezoidal angles so that the toothed notches of the toothed sheet change from trapezoidal into straight toothed notches after they bend into arc shapes on the other rim of the metal sheet; the opening on the other rim of the sheet metal is the forwardly extending opening of a narrow end of the trapezoidal notches.
 7. A turbine follow-up suspended steam seal structure, comprising a steam seal circular ring arranged around a turbine main shaft, the steam seal circular ring is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped steam seal circular ring blocks abutting each other, the inner diameters of the arc-shaped steam seal ring block are axially provided with steam seal ring teeth 401 corresponding to the main shaft of the turbine along the main shaft, characterized in that the follow-up steam seal structure comprises a plurality of elongated metal sheets, the metal sheet is longitudinally bent in an elongated shape to form an elongated L-shape, one rim of the L-shaped metal sheet is a toothed rim alternately formed from a plurality of toothed notches and toothed tabs, the toothed notches extend laterally through the entire toothed rim so that the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet can be bent longitudinally toward the toothed rim to form an arc shape; the toothed notches continue to extend forward an opening on the other rim, so that the toothed tabs of the toothed rim suspend in the turbine steam seal gap due to the opening of the other rim and can perform elastic beating reciprocately up and down; the same rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are correspondingly overlapped with each other, the toothed notches and the toothed tabs of the toothed rims of the plurality of L-shaped metal sheets are misoriented with each other to cover the toothed notches, the other rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets are fixed along the steam seal ring teeth in the arc-shaped steam seal ring blocks, wherein a suspended springing space is provided in the arc-shaped steam seal ring block for at least a portion of the length containing an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet, the suspended springing space allows the toothed rims of the metal sheet to perform elastic beating reciprocately down after being subjected to the force at the top; the toothed rims 101 of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheet are provided in a form-fitting manner to the seal ring teeth at the back of the steam facing side A of the steam seal ring teeth, the top of the toothed rim protrudes out of the steam seal ring tooth for sealing the gap between the seal ring teeth and the main shaft of the turbine.
 8. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the L-shaped metal sheets are of at least two sheets, the widths of the toothed notches of the toothed rims of the two L-shaped metal sheets are smaller than the widths of the toothed tabs.
 9. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the widths of the toothed tabs are from 2 mm to 5 mm.
 10. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the length of the toothed notch of the toothed rim continuing to extend forward an opening on the other rim of the metal sheet is equal to or greater than half of the width of the other rim of the metal sheet.
 11. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the L-shaped metal sheet is a steel or alloy copper or aluminum alloy elastic sheet having a hardness smaller than the hardness of a main shaft of the turbine.
 12. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the thickness of the metal sheet is from 0.2 mm to 1 mm.
 13. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 7, characterized in that teeth protecting toothed tabs are provided at the steam posterior side of the toothed rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets, and the teeth protecting toothed tabs are used to enhance the flexural strength of the toothed sheets of the steam seal belts.
 14. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the notch is provided along the steam posterior surface of the steam seal ring tooth in the arc-shaped steam seal ring block, the socket inserted into the other rim of the right-angled L-shaped metal sheet is provided in the middle of one rim of the rectangular slot.
 15. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the arc-shaped steam seal ring block is provided with a dovetail groove along the steam seal ring teeth, a steam seal frame matched with the dovetail groove is installed therein, the steam seal frame is provided with a socket for fixing the other rim of the L-shaped metal sheet, recesses are provided outside of the socket, and are used for the space allowing the toothed rims of the L-shaped metal sheet to perform elastic beating reciprocately down after being subjected to the force at the top.
 16. The elastic sheet used for a steam seal belt according to claim 2, characterized in that the widths of the toothed tabs are from 2 mm to 5 mm.
 17. The elastic sheet used for a steam seal belt according to claim 3, characterized in that the widths of the toothed tabs are from 2 mm to 5 mm.
 18. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the thickness of the metal sheet is from 0.2 mm to 1 mm.
 19. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 11, characterized in that teeth protecting toothed tabs are provided at the steam posterior side of the toothed rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets, and the teeth protecting toothed tabs are used to enhance the flexural strength of the toothed sheets of the steam seal belts.
 20. The follow-up suspended steam seal structure according to claim 12, characterized in that teeth protecting toothed tabs are provided at the steam posterior side of the toothed rims of the overlapped L-shaped metal sheets, and the teeth protecting toothed tabs are used to enhance the flexural strength of the toothed sheets of the steam seal belts. 